The CyLab Usable Privacy and Security Laboratory (CUPS)
brings together researchers working on a diverse set of projects related to
understanding and improving the usability of privacy and security
software and systems.
Our
research employs a combination of three high-level strategies to
make secure systems more usable: building systems that "just
work" without involving humans in security-critical functions;
making secure systems intuitive and easy to use; and teaching
humans how to perform security-critical tasks.
CUPS is affiliated with Carnegie Mellon CyLab. Our research is funded by grants from the National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office, Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Portugal under a grant from the Information and Communications Technology Institute (ICTI) at CMU, Microsoft, Alcatel-Lucent, The Privacy Projects, and Google. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or any of our other funders. Wombat Security Technologies, Inc. is commercializing some of the technologies we developed.
CUPS PhD students come from several CMU PhD programs including the programs in Computation, Organizations and Society, Engineering and Public Policy, Human Computer Interaction, Computer Science, Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Public Policy and Management. Perspective students should apply directly to these programs and also express their interest in the CUPS doctoral training program.
News and Events
The Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2012) will be in Washington, DC July 11-13
October 31, 2011: New tech report, Why Johnny Can't Opt Out: A Usability Evaluation of Tools to Limit Online Behavioral Advertising
Check out the July 2011 edition of our lab newsletter, The Saucer.
October 2011: New tech report, I Know Where You Live: Analyzing Privacy Protection in Public Databases. This is an extended version of a paper to be presented at WPES 2011.
CUPS lab members presented 6 papers, 2 notes, and several workshop papers at CHI2011.
March 30, 2011: New technical report: AdChoices? Compliance with Online Behavioral Advertising Notice and Choice Requirements
March 16, 2011: Lorrie Cranor takes A First Look at Internet Explorer 9 Privacy Features
January 31, 2011: New technical report: A Survey of the Use of Adobe Flash Local Shared Objects to Respawn HTTP Cookies
September 10, 2010: New technical report: Token Attempt: The Misrepresentation of Website Privacy Policies through the Misuse of P3P Compact Policy Tokens - see also the New York Times article about this study
CUPS faculty Lorrie Cranor, Norman Sadeh, and Alessandro Acquisti received a Google Focused Research Award to support our research on "privacy nudges"
Demos
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People
Director: Lorrie Cranor
Current members: Alessandro Acquisti, Idris Adjerid, Hazim Almuhimedi, Rebecca Hunt Balebako, Lujo Bauer, Justin Cranshaw, Cristian Bravo-Lillo, Nicolas Christin, Julie Downs, David Gordon, Hanan Hibshi, Eiji Hayashi, Mandy Holbrook, Jason Hong, Peter Klemperer, Patrick Kelley, Pedro Leon, Saranga Komanduri, Michelle Mazurek, Emmanuel Owusu, Adrian Perrig, Sasha Romanosky, Norman Sadeh, Rich Shay, Manya Sleeper, Fred Stutzman, Kami Vaniea, Timothy Vidas, Yang Wang, Jason Wiese.
Alumni and former lab members: Fahd Arshad, Joanna Bresee, Luc Cesca, Serge Egelman, Ian Fette, Naoko Hayashida, Cynthia Kuo, Eduardo A. Cuervo Laffaye, Matthew Geiger, Iulia Ion, Braden Kowitz, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru, Janne Lindqvist, Chris Long, Ryan Mahon, Aleecia McDonald, Marty McGuire, Jonathan Mugan, Greg Norcie, Jonathan Mugan, Elaine Newton, Greg Norcie, Sven Dietrich, Robert Reeder, Bryan Pendleton, Steve Sheng, Eran Toch, Janice Tsai, Paul Hankes Drielsma, Kai Wang
Current Projects and Selected Publications
Privacy decision making | User controllable security and privacy | Usable access control with smart phones | Usable cyber trust indicators | Usable security for digital home storage | Passwords
Privacy decision making
While most people claim to be very concerned about their privacy, they do not consistently take actions to protect it. Web retailers detail their information practices in their privacy policies, but most of the time this information remains invisible to consumers. Our research focuses on understanding how individuals make privacy-related decisions, finding ways to make privacy information more usable to consumers, and using soft-paternalism to provide privacy nudges. CUPS researchers are developing a "nutrition label" for privacy and working on several P3P-related projects. We are also studying user attitudes about privacy on social networks as well as the usability and effectiveness of online tracking opt-out tools.
P.G. Leon, B. Ur, R. Balebako, L.F. Cranor, R. Shay, and Y. Wang. Why Johnny Can't Opt Out: A Usability Evaluation of Tools to Limit Online Behavioral Advertising. CHI 2012. [Extended version available as CyLab tech report]
B. Ur and Y. Wang. Online Social Networks in a Post-Soviet State: How Hungarians Protect and Share on Facebook. iConference 2012.
S. Komanduri, R. Shay, G. Norcie, B. Ur, L.F. Cranor. AdChoices? Compliance with Online Behavioral Advertising Notice and Choice Requirements. Forthcoming in I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society 2012.g
J. Wiese, P.G. Kelley, L.F. Cranor, L. Dabbish, J.I. Hong and J. Zimmerman. Are You Close with Me? Are You Nearby? Investigating Social Groups, Closeness, and Willingness to Share UbiComp 2011.
Y. Wang, S. Komanduri, P.G. Leon, G. Norcie, A. Acquisti, L.F. Cranor. I regretted the minute I pressed share: A Qualitative Study of Regrets on Facebook. SOUPS 2011.
Y. Wang, G. Norcie, L.F. Cranor. Who Is Concerned about What? A Study of American, Chinese and Indian Users Privacy Concerns on Social Network Sites. 4th International Conference on Trust & Trustworthy Computing (TRUST 2011).
P.G. Leon, L.F. Cranor, A.M. McDonald, and R. McGuire. Token Attempt: The Misrepresentation of Website Privacy Policies through the Misuse of P3P Compact Policy Tokens WPES 2010.
A.M. McDonald and L.F. Cranor. Beliefs and Behaviors: Internet Users' Understanding of Behavioral Advertising. 38th Research Conference on Communication, Information and Internet Policy. October 2, 2010.
A.M. McDonald and L.F. Cranor. Americans' Attitudes About Internet Behavioral Advertising Practices. WPES 2010.
B. Meeder, J. Tam, P.G. Kelley, and L.F. Cranor. RT @IWantPrivacy: Widespread Violation of Privacy Settings in the Twitter Social Network. Web 2.0 Security and Privacy 2010 (W2SP 2010). May 20, 2010.
A.M. McDonald and L.F. Cranor. An Empirical Study of How People Perceive Online Behavioral Advertising. Carnegie Mellon CyLab Technical Report CMU-CyLab-09-015, November 10, 2009.
P.G. Kelley, L.J. Cesca, J. Bresee, and L.F. Cranor. Standardizing Privacy Notices: An Online Study of the Nutrition Label Approach. CHI2010. [Originally published as Carnegie Mellon CyLab Technical Report CMU-CyLab-09-014, November 10, 2009.]
J.Y. Tsai. The Impact of Salient Privacy Information on Decision-Making, PhD Thesis, Engineering & Public Policy Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, August 2009.
A.M. McDonald, R.W. Reeder, P.G. Kelley, and L.F. Cranor. A comparative study of online privacy policies and formats. Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium 2009.
P. Kelley, J. Bresee, L. Cranor, and R. Reeder. A "Nutrition Label" for Privacy. SOUPS 2009
S. Egelman, J. Tsai, L. Cranor, and A. Acquisti. 2009. Timing Is Everything? The Effects of Timing and Placement of Online Privacy Indicators. CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
A. McDonald and L. Cranor. The Cost of Reading Privacy Policies. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society 2008 Privacy Year in Review issue. [Paper originally presented at TPRC 2008, Sept 26-28, 2008, Arlington, VA.]
L. Cranor, S. Egelman, S. Sheng, A. McDonald, and A. Chowdhury. P3P Deployment on Websites. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Volume 7, Issue 3, Autumn 2008, Pages 274-293.
J. Tsai, S. Egelman, L. Cranor, and A. Acquisti. The Effect of Online Privacy Information on Purchasing Behavior: An Experimental Study. Paper presented at the Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, June 7-8, 2007, Pittsburgh, PA.
S. Egelman, L. Cranor, and A. Chowdhury. An Analysis of P3P-Enabled Web Sites among Top-20 Search Results. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electronic Commerce August 14-16, 2006, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
J. Gideon, S. Egelman, L. Cranor, and A. Acquisti. Power Strips, Prophylactics, and Privacy, Oh My! In Proceedings of the 2006 Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security, 12-14 July 2006, Pittsburgh, PA.
L. Cranor, P. Guduru, and M. Arjula. User Interfaces for Privacy Agents. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, June 2006, pp 135-178.
L. Cranor. Web Privacy with P3P (2002). Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
User controllable security and privacy
Managing security and privacy policies is known to be a difficult problem. It is important that new user interfaces be developed to effectively and efficiently support lay users in understanding and managing security and privacy policies - their own as well as those implemented by systems and individuals with whom they interact. Solutions in this area have traditionally taken a relatively narrow view of the problem by limiting the expressiveness of policy languages or the number of options available in templates, restricting some decisions to specific roles within the enterprise, etc. As systems grow more pervasive and more complex, and as demands for increasing flexibility and delegation continue to grow, it is imperative to take a more fundamental view that weaves together issues of security, privacy and usability to systematically evaluate key tradeoffs between expressiveness, tolerance for errors, burden on users and overall user acceptance; and develop novel mechanisms and technologies that help mitigate these tradeoffs, maximizing accuracy and trustworthiness while minimizing the time and effort required by end users. The objective of this project is to develop new interfaces that combine user-centered design principles with dialog, explanation and learning technologies to assist users in specifying and refining policies. One new policy authoring interface we have developed is a visualization technique for displaying policies in a two-dimensional "expandable grid". (See also the User controllable security and privacy project page, the Expandable grids project page, and Locaccino.)
P. Klemperer, Y. Liang, M. Mazurek, M. Sleeper, B. Ur, L. Bauer, L.F. Cranor, N. Gupta, and M. Reiter. Tag, You Can See It! Using Tags for Access Control in Photo Sharing. CHI 2012.
J. Cranshaw, J. Mugan, and N. Sadeh. 2011. User-Controllable Learning of Location Privacy Policies with Gaussian Mixture Models. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-11) San Francisco, California.
P. G. Kelley, R. Brewer, P. Mayer, L. F. Cranor, and N. Sadeh. An investigation into facebook friend grouping. In Proceedings of 13th IFIP TC13 Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT'2011), 2011.
Robert W. Reeder, Lujo Bauer, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Michael K. Reiter, and Kami Vaniea. More than skin deep: Measuring effects of the underlying model on access-control system usability. In CHI 2011: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 2011.
Kelley, P.G., Benisch, M., Cranor, L.F., and Sadeh, N. When Are Users Comfortable Sharing Locations with Advertisers? CHI 2011.
Michelle L. Mazurek, Peter F. Klemperer, Richard Shay, Hassan Takabi, Lujo Bauer, and Lorrie Faith Cranor. Exploring reactive access control. In CHI 2011: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 2011.
Janne Lindqvist and Jason Hong. Undistracted Driving: A Mobile Phone that Doesn’t Distract, in HotMobile 2011: 12th Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, March 1-2, 2011.
M. Benisch, P.G. Kelley, N. Sadeh, and L.F. Cranor. Capturing location-privacy preferences: quantifying accuracy and user-burden tradeoffs. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing. Published online 07 December 2010.
E. Toch, J. Cranshaw, P.H. Drielsma, J.Y. Tsai, P.G. Kelley, J. Springfield, L. Cranor, J. Hong, N. Sadeh. Empirical Models of Privacy in Location Sharing. Ubicomp 2010.
Tang, K, J. Lin, J. Hong, N. Sadeh. Rethinking Location Sharing: Exploring the Implications of Social-Driven vs. Purpose-Driven Location Sharing. Ubicomp 2010.
Lin, J, G. Xiang, J. Hong, N. Sadeh. Modeling People's Place Naming Preferences in Location Sharing. Ubicomp 2010.
J. Tsai, P. Kelley, L. Cranor, and N. Sadeh. Location-Sharing Technologies: Privacy Risks and Controls. TPRC 2009.
J.Tsai, P. Kelley, P. Drielsma, L. Cranor, J. Hong, and N. Sadeh. Who's Viewed You? The Impact of Feedback in a Mobile-location System. CHI 2009
L. Bauer, L. Cranor, R.W. Reeder, M.K. Reiter, and K. Vaniea. Real life challenges in access-control management. In CHI 2009: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pages 899-908, April 2009.
R.W. Reeder, P.G. Kelley, A.M. McDonald, and L.F. Cranor. A User Study of the Expandable Grid Applied to P3P Policy Visualization. Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society (WPES 2008). Oct. 2008.
R. W. Reeder, L. Bauer, L.F. Cranor, M.K. Reiter, K. Bacon, K. How, and H. Strong. Expandable Grids for Visualizing and Authoring Computer Security Policies. ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). 2008.
R. W. Reeder. Expandable Grids: A user interface visualization technique and a policy semantics to support fast, accurate security and privacy policy authoring. PhD Thesis, Computer science department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, July 2008. Available as tech report number CMU-CS-08-143.
M. Prabaker, J. Rao, I. Fette, P. Kelley, L. Cranor, J. Hong, and N. Sadeh, Understanding and Capturing People's Privacy Policies in a People Finder Application, 2007 Ubicomp Workshop on Privacy, Austria, Sept. 2007.
J. Cornwell, I. Fette, G. Hsieh, M. Prabaker, J. Rao, K. Tang, K. Vaniea, L. Bauer, L. Cranor, J. Hong, B. McLaren, M. Reiter, N. Sadeh, "User-Controllable Security and Privacy For Pervasive Computing", Proceedings of the 8th IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (HotMobile 2007).
Usable access control with smart phones
The Grey project is an experiment to create a universal and highly secure access-control device via software extensions to off-the-shelf "smart phones." Grey builds from formal techniques for proving authorization that assure sound access decisions and that permit virtually unlimited flexibility in the policies that can be implemented. Moreover, it leverages "capture resilience" to ensure that the device cannot be misused even if captured and reverse-engineered by a skilled attacker. Grey is currently deployed to provide access control for door locks throughout our building. We are working with the Grey team to improve the usability of the system and to study how people use the system.
L. Bauer, L.F. Cranor, R.W. Reeder, M.K. Reiter, and K. Vaniea. A User Study of Policy Creation in a Flexible Access-Control System. ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). 2008.
L. Bauer, L. F. Cranor, M. K. Reiter, and K. Vaniea. Lessons Learned from the Deployment of a Smartphone-Based Access-Control System. In Proceedings of the 2007 Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security, Pittsburgh, PA, July 18-20, 2007.
Usable Cyber Trust Indicators
When systems rely on a "human in the loop" to carry out a security-critical function, cyber trust indicators are often employed to communicate when and how to perform that function. Cyber trust indicators typically serve as warnings or status indicators that communicate information, remind users of information previously communicated, and influence user behavior. They include a variety of security- and privacy-related symbols in the operating system status bar or browser chrome, pop-up alerts, security control panels, or symbols embedded in web content. However, a growing body of literature has found the effectiveness of many of these indicators to be rather disappointing. It is becoming increasingly apparent that humans are a major cause of computer security failures and that security warnings and other cyber trust indicators are doing little to prevent humans from making security errors. In some cases, it may be possible to redesign systems to minimize the need for humans to perform security-critical functions, thus reducing or eliminating the need for security warnings. However, in many cases it may be too expensive or difficult to automate security-critical tasks, and systems may need to rely on human judgment. In these cases, it is important to situate security indicators both spatially and temporally to maximize their effectiveness, and to design them to communicate clearly to users. The goal of this research is to systematically study the effectiveness of cyber trust indicators and develop approaches to making these indicators most effective and usable.
As part of this effort we have developed a framework for reasoning about the human in the loop that provides a systematic approach to identifying potential causes for human failure. This framework can be used by system designers to identify problem areas before a system is built and proactively address deficiencies. System operators can also use this framework to analyze the root cause of security failures that have been attributed to "human error." We are using this framework to study and improve a variety of computer security warnings and indicators, and developing approaches to operationalizing this framework in secure system design.
C. Bravo-Lillo, L.F. Cranor, J.S. Downs, S. Komanuri. Bridging the Gap in Computer Security Warnings: A Mental Model Approach. IEEE Security & Privacy, 2011: 18~26.
C. Bravo-Lillo, L.F. Cranor, J.S. Downs, S. Komanduri, M. Sleeper. Improving Computer Security Dialogs. In Proceedings of 13th IFIP TC13 Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT'2011), 2011, pp.18-35.
J. Sunshine, S. Egelman, H. Almuhimedi, N. Atri, and L. Cranor. Crying Wolf: An Empirical Study of SSL Warning Effectiveness. USENIX Security 2009.
L. Cranor. A Framework for Reasoning About the Human in the Loop. Usability, Psychology and Security 2008.
Serge Egelman. Trust Me: Design Patterns for Constructing Trustworthy Trust Indicators. PhD Thesis, Computation, Organizations and Society, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, CMU-ISR-O9-110, April, 2009.
S. Egelman, L. Cranor, and J. Hong. You've Been Warned: An Empirical Study of the Effectiveness of Web Browser Phishing Warnings. CHI 2008.
Usable security for digital home storage
We are exploring architecture, mechanisms, and interfaces for making access control usable by laypeople faced with increasing reliance on data created, stored, and accessed via home and personal consumer electronics. Digital content is becoming common in the home, as new content is created in digital form and people digitize existing content (e.g., photographs and personal records). Interesting and fun new devices make creating digital content easier and interacting with it much more flexible than ever before. The transition to digital homes is exciting, but brings many challenges. Perhaps the biggest challenge is dealing with access control. Users want to be able to access their content easily from any of their devices, including shared devices (e.g., the family DVR), and yet they also want to be able to restrict access to certain data among household members and visitors. They also want to be able to share data (e.g., photographs) selectively with friends and family outside their home. Unfortunately, studies repeatedly show that computer users have trouble specifying access-control policies. Worse, we are now injecting the need to do so into an environment with users who are much less technically experienced and notoriously impatient with complex interfaces. Without a holistic, usable approach to access control management, adoption of new technology in the home will be slowed and there will be no effective data security once the transition inevitably occurs. This project builds on the Perspective data management system developed by CMU's Parallel Data Lab.
M. Mazurek, J.P. Arsenault, J. Bresee, N. Gupta, I. Ion, C. Johns, D. Lee, Y. Liang, J. Olsen, B. Salmon, R. Shay, K. Vaniea, L. Bauer, L.F. Cranor, G.R. Ganger, and M.K. Reiter. Access Control for Home Data Sharing: Attitudes, Needs and Practices. CHI 2010.
Perspective: Semantic Data Management for the Home. Brandon Salmon, Steven W. Schlosser, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Gregory R. Ganger. 7th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST '09). February 23-27, 2009, San Francisco, CA.
Passwords
To combat both the inherent and user-induced weaknesses of text-based passwords, administrators and organizations typically institute a series of rules – a password policy – to which users must adhere when choosing a password. There is consensus in the literature that a properly-written password policy can provide an organization with increased security. There is, however, less accord in describing just what such a well-written policy would be, or even how to determine whether a given policy is effective. Although it is easy to calculate the theoretical password space that corresponds to a particular password policy, it is difficult to determine the practical password space. Users may, for example, react to a policy rule requiring them to include numbers in passwords by overwhelmingly picking the same number, or by always using the number in the same location in their passwords. There is little published empirical research that studies the strategies used by actual users under various password policies. In addition, some password policies, while resulting in stronger passwords, may make those passwords difficult to remember or type. This may cause users to engage in a variety of behaviors that might compromise the security of passwords, such as writing them down, reusing passwords across different accounts, or sharing passwords with friends. Other undesirable side effects of particular password policies may include frequently forgotten passwords. In fact, the harm caused by users following an onerously restrictive password policy may be greater than the harm prevented by that policy. In this project, we seek to advance understanding of the factors that make creating and following appropriate password policies difficult, collect empirical data on password entropy and memorability under various password policies, and propose password policy guidelines to simultaneously maximize security and usability of passwords. We also explore the security and usability of some new types of passwords.
Patrick Gage Kelley, Saranga Komanduri, Michelle L. Mazurek, Rich Shay, Tim Vidas, Lujo Bauer, Nicolas Christin, Lorrie Faith Cranor, Julio Lopez. Guess again (and again and again): Measuring password strength by simulating password-cracking algorithms. CyLab Technical Report cmu-cylab-11-008, August 21, 2011.
Saranga Komanduri, Richard Shay, Patrick Gage Kelley, Michelle L. Mazurek, Lujo Bauer, Nicolas Christin, Lorrie Faith Cranor, and Serge Egelman. Of passwords and people: Measuring the effect of password-composition policies. In CHI 2011: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 2011. CHI 2011 Honorable Mention.
Eiji Hayashi, Jason Hong, and Nicolas Christin. Security through a Different Kind of Obscurity: Evaluating Distortion in Graphical Authentication Schemes. In CHI 2011: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 2011.
Encountering Stronger Password Requirements: User Attitudes and Behaviors. Richard Shay, Saranga Komanduri, Patrick Gage Kelley, Pedro Giovanni Leon, Michelle L. Mazurek, Lujo Bauer, Nicolas Christin and Lorrie Faith Cranor. SOUPS 2010.
Eiji Hayashi, Nicolas Christin, Rachna Dhamija, and Adrian Perrig Use Your Illusion: Secure Authentication Usable Anywhere. In Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS'08). Pittsburgh, PA. July 2008
Earlier Projects
Looking for some of our work that you can't find under "current projects"? Check here for our past projects.
Supporting trust decisions
When Internet users are asked to make "trust" decisions they often make the wrong decision. Implicit trust decisions include decisions about whether or not to open an email attachment or provide information in response to an email that claims to have been sent by a trusted entity. Explicit trust decisions are decisions made in response to specific trust- or security-related prompts such as pop-up boxes that ask the user whether to trust an expired certificate, execute downloaded software, or allow macros to execute. Attackers are able to take advantage of most users' poor trust decision-making skills through a class of attacks known as "semantic attacks." It is not always possible for systems to make accurate trust decisions on a user's behalf, especially when those decisions require knowledge of contextual information. The goal of this research is not to make trust decisions for users, but rather to develop approaches to support users when they make trust decisions. Our research began with a mental models study aimed at understanding and modeling how people make trust decisions in the online context and ultimately resulted in the development of anti-phishing training tools and filtering software. The tools developed by this project our being commercialized by Wombat Security. For our publications, see the Supporting trust decisions project page.
Usable anonymity tools
A variety of tools have been developed to provide anonymity for various types of online interactions. Most of the work in this area has focused on improving the anonymity properties of these tools, and little has been done to improve their usability. We have been working on developing more usable interfaces for Tor.
FoxTor design document, our entry for the Tor GUI competition (selected as the phase 1 winner)
FoxTor download and FAQ
Other Selected Publications
M. Sleeper, D. Sharma, and L. Cranor. I Know Where You Live: Analyzing Privacy Protection in Public Databases. cmu-cylab-11-015, October 2011. [Extended version of paper presented at WPES 2011]
H. Hibshi, T. Vidas, and L. Cranor. Usability of Forensics Tools: A User Study. IT Security Incident Management and IT Forensics (IMF), 10-12, May 2011.
Janne Lindqvist, Justin Cranshaw, Jason Wiese, Jason Hong, and John Zimmerman. I'm the Mayor of My House: Examining Why People Use foursquare - a Social-Driven Location Sharing Application. In CHI 2011: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 2011.
S. Garfinkel and L. Cranor. Institutional Review Boards and Your Research. Communications of the ACM, June 2010, p. 38-40. DOI = http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1743546.1743563
J. Downs, M. Holbrook, S. Sheng, and L. Cranor. Are Your Participants Gaming the System? Screening Mechanical Turk Workers. CHI 2010.
Sarah Spiekermann and Lorrie Faith Cranor. Engineering Privacy. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. Vo. 35, No. 1, January/February, 2009, pp. 67-82.
Ahren Studer, Christina Johns, Jaanus Kase, Kyle O'Meara, Lorrie Cranor. A Survey to Guide Group Key Protocol Development. Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC) 2008, December 8-12, 2008, Anaheim, CA.
S. Egelman, A.J. Brush, and K. Inkpen. Family Accounts: A new paradigm for user accounts within the home environment. CSCW '08: Proceedings of the 2008 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. 2008.
L. Cranor. What do they "indicate?": evaluating security and privacy indicators. interactions, May/June 2006, p. 45-57.
A. McDonald and L. Cranor. How Technology Drives Vehicular Privacy. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society Volume 2, Issue 3 (2006).
X. Sheng and L. Cranor. An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of US Financial Privacy Legislation Through the Analysis of Privacy Policies. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society, Volume 2, Number 3, Fall 2006, pp. 943-979.
L. Cranor. 'I Didn't Buy it for Myself': Privacy and Ecommerce Personalization. Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, October 30, 2003, Washington, DC.
L. Cranor, J. Hong, and M. Reiter. Teaching Usable Privacy and Security: A guide for instructors. 2007.
S. Egelman and L. Cranor. The Real ID Act: Fixing Identity Documents with Duct Tape. I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society, Volume 2, Number 1, Winter 2006, pp. 149-183.
M. Geiger and L. Cranor, Counter-Forensic Privacy Tools: A Forensic Evaluation. ISRI Technical Report. CMU-ISRI-05-119, 2005.
B. Kowitz and L. Cranor. Peripheral Privacy Notifications for Wireless Networks. In Proceedings of the 2005 Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 7 November 2005, Alexandria, VA.
P. Kumaraguru and L. Cranor. Privacy Indexes: A Survey of Westin's Studies. ISRI Technical Report. CMU-ISRI-05-138, 2005.
C. Kuo, S. Romanosky, and L. Cranor. Human Selection of Mnemonic Phrase-Based Passwords. In Proceedings of the 2006 Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security, 12-14 July 2006, Pittsburgh, PA.
S. Romanosky. Private Sector: When it comes to data security, sweat the little things. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August 22, 2006.
Romanosky, S., Acquisti, A., Hong, J., Cranor, L. F., and Friedman, B. 2006. Privacy patterns for online interactions. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (Portland, Oregon, October 21 - 23, 2006). PLoP '06. ACM, New York, NY, 1-9.
P. Kumaraguru and L. Cranor. Privacy in India: Attitudes and Awareness. In Proceedings of the 2005 Workshop on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET2005), 30 May - 1 June 2005, Dubrovnik, Croatia.
Resources
Join our cups-friends mailing list for announcements about our papers and events and discussions about usable privacy and security
Security and Usability: Designing Secure Systems that People Can Use, edited by Lorrie Cranor and Simson Garfinkel, is now available
L. Cranor, J. Hong, and M. Reiter. Teaching Usable Privacy and Security: A guide for instructors. 2007.
The HCISec Bibliography contains a good list of CUPS-related publications.
Usable Security Blog from UC Berkeley
Slides are available from the July 2004 Workshop on Usable Privacy and Security Software
Usability, Psychology, and Security workshop
Vizsec - a research and development community interested in applying information visualization techniques to the problems of computer security